ENERGY-AWARE MAC FOR CRWSN

ENERGY-AWARE MAC FOR CRWSN

Bala Vishnu J 1, Saranya J 2, Bhagyaveni M.A 3

1,2,3 UG student, Department of ECE, CEG, Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Increase in demand for Spectrum allocation in ISM bands and Underutilization of some licensed bands lead to the development of a technique called Cognitive Radio in Wireless Sensor Networks. Since WSN usually operates in ISM bands we need to acquire Cognitive Radio into it without sacrificing its energy efficiency. In this paper, we propose an Energy-Aware MAC (EA-MAC) protocol which minimizes the number of spectrum sensing nodes based on the maximum probability of detection and adopting low duty cycled design for WSN nodes. Simulation results shows that the proposed EA-MAC has considerable better probability of detection and less false alarm compared to Eigen-value and cyclo-stationary based hybrid cooperative spectrum sensing methods. 

View full abstract...

DESIGN OF BANDPASS FILTER USING COPLANAR WAVEGUIDE WITH DEFECTED GROUND STRUCTURE

DESIGN OF BANDPASS FILTER USING COPLANAR WAVEGUIDE WITH DEFECTED GROUND STRUCTURE

 M.Anushiya 1, K.J.Prasanna venkatesan 2

1 PG student, Department of ECE, National Engineering College, Kovilpatti, Tamil Nadu, India.

2 Assistant Professor (SG), Dept of ECE, National Engineering College, Kovilpatti, Tamil Nadu.

The design and simulation of coplanar waveguide (CPW) band pass filter (BPF) has been described in this paper. It mainly focuses on Defected Ground Structure (DGS), where U-shaped DGS with open stub in transmission line has been introduced. By etching the DGS pattern in ground and transmission will change the distribution of inductance and capacitance to produce filtering effect. This paper also discusses about the influence of geometrical parameter l for the improvement in the frequency response of band pass filter. As increasing the dimension of the geometric parameter l shift the center frequency to the higher frequencies. This filter offers a bandwidth of 1.65 GHz with pass band ranging from 2.1 GHz to 3.75 GHz with a stop band rejection is about -28 dB.

View full abstract...

DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF TWO STAGE CMOS LNA WITH EXTENDED BANDWIDTH FOR RF APPLICATIONS

DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF TWO STAGE CMOS LNA WITH EXTENDED BANDWIDTH FOR RF APPLICATIONS

1 S.Vijayalakshmi., 2 M.Miriam cathy joy

1 PG student, Department of ECE, Kalasalingam University, Krishnankoil, Tamil Nadu, India.

2 Assistant professor, Dept of ECE, Kalasalingam University, Krishnankoil, Tamil Nadu, India.

In RF communication, high data rate is required which requires large band width. The wireless receiver with an LNA which can amplify the signals for a wide range of frequencies is suitable for these applications. Factors affecting bandwidth of amplifier are stray capacitance &inductance in circuit, gain bandwidth product, Cut off frequency, Noise. Existing technology to improve bandwidth includes inductance peaking, Capacitance peaking, Feedback technique, Negative miller capacitance and transimpedance amplifier. The objective of this work is to design two-Stage CMOS Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) using active feedback techniques. The gain, unity gain bandwidth, linearity of the proposed circuit is analysed Active feedback is a Negative feedback in op-amp to reduce distortion and increase high frequency response. In this topology, one transistor is connected below another in cascode fashion. To simulate the proposed circuit, we use ADS (advanced design system)tool as it is suitable for high frequency application.

View full abstract...

DESIGN AND SIMULATION OF PATCH ANTENNA USING INTEGRATED ELECTROMAGNETIC BAND GAP (EBG) STRUCTURE FOR SIGNAL DETECTION IN ISM BAND APPLICATIONS

DESIGN AND SIMULATION OF PATCH ANTENNA USINGINTEGRATED ELECTROMAGNETIC BAND GAP (EBG) STRUCTURE FOR SIGNAL DETECTION IN ISM BAND APPLICATIONS

A.Nivetha 1, C.Balamurugan 2

1 PG student, Department of ECE, National Engineering College, Kovilpatti, Tamil Nadu, .India.2 Assistant Professor (SG), Dept of ECE, National Engineering College, Kovilpatti, Tamil Nadu.

The Electromagnetic Band gap (EBG) structure is used in patch antenna construction to achieve better performance of the system. The EBG structure is created on the ground plane to reduce the return loss and to attain unity in VSWR. In this work, a square shaped EBG structure for patch antenna is designed at ISM band of operating frequency. The designed antenna can be easily fabricated on the low cost duroid 5870 based on PCB fabrication for better efficiency. Thus to enhance the radiation characteristics of the antenna, EBG is used.  A ground structure based on a compact Electromagnetic Band Gap (EBG) unit cell has been used.  The loss can be reduced by creating defect on the ground plane of the patch antenna. The simulation results shows that the return loss is reduced to -40 dB and the VSWR value gets unity for signal detection in ISM band applications.

View full abstract...

DELAY AND POWER ANALYSIS OF VHBCSE BASED RESPFFIR FILTER ON VARIOUS FPGA'S

DELAY AND POWER ANALYSIS OF VHBCSE BASED RESPFFIR FILTER ON VARIOUS FPGA'S

R. Solomon Roach 1, N. Nirmal Singh 2, C. Sheeja Herobin Rani 3

1 Assistant Professor, Department of ECE, Cape Institute of Technology, Tamilnadu, India

2 Professor / Head, Department of ECE , V V College of Engineering, Tamilnadu, India.

3 Assistant Professor, Department of ECE, St. Xavier's Catholic College of Engineering , Tamilnadu, India.

 In Reconfigurable Even Symmetric Parallel Fast Finite Impulse Response (RESPFFIR) filter's the coefficients are reconfigurable at real time. This reconfigurable property of the RESPFFIR filter is useful for the implementation of filters on FPGA. In the previous work the area, power and delay of the Vertical Horizontal Binary Common Sub expression Elimination (VHBCSE) technique based RESPFFIR was analyzed using Cadence RC tool. In this paper, the delay, power and device utilization of VHBCSE based RESPFFIR filter on various Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) were analyzed. The VHBCSE technique is used to reduce the number of Logical Operators (LO) and Logical Depth (LD) of the RESPFFIR filter on FPGA's. The 2-bit BCSE algorithm has been applied vertically and horizontally across neighboring coefficients to reduce the CSs that arise in the coefficients, which intern diminish LO and LD in constant multiplier. The delay, power and device utilization of VHBCSE based RESPFFIR on Spartan 6, Spartan 6 low power, Virtex5 and Virtex6 low power were analyzed using XILINX ISE tool. The analysis imply the Spartan 6 low power device consume low power and Virtex6 low power device have less delay when compared with other devices. 

View full abstract...

DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF DGS BASED MICROSTRIP FILTER FOR ISM BAND APPLICATIONS

DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF DGS BASED MICROSTRIP FILTER FOR ISM BAND APPLICATIONS

Kavitha.M 1, Dr. Prithivirajan.V 2

1 PG student, Department of ECE, National Engineering College, Kovilpatti, Tamil Nadu, .India.

2 Assistant Professor (SG), Dept of ECE, National Engineering College, Kovilpatti, Tamil Nadu, .India.

The Microwave filter plays an important role in most RF/Microwave applications like radar, military, satellite systems. RF/Microwave filters can also be implemented using planar transmission lines such as coplanar waveguide, micro-strip transmission lines. Micro-strip transmission line based filters has its popularity and widespread use are due to its planar nature, ease of fabrication, easy integration and good mechanical support compared to coplanar waveguide. Demand for the high performance system with small size at low cost and integration with other microwave devices has necessitated the development of a miniaturized filter with reduced loss and increased bandwidth. Miniaturization of filters can be done using two approaches depending on the effect of the material used and the structure. In structure based analysis some important and practical methods have found specific attentions on designing micro-strip transmission line based filters such as Defected Ground Structures (DGS), Defected Micro-strip Structures (DMS) and coupled resonator. This paper presents the exhaustive survey of the major techniques used in the design of microwave filters. Among the mentioned methods, DGS can be used to tune impedance of t-line without disturbing the actual characteristic impedance of the t-line. In a word, Impedance of the micro-strip t-line can be tuned by making the defect in the ground plane of the t-line can give rise to increasing effective capacitance and inductance. In this work, analysis on micro-strip transmission line and filter implementation using DGS structure have been carried out and implemented using Ansys High Frequency Structural Simulator (HFSS) from 0 to 5 GHz frequency range for L to S band applications. The obtained insertion loss (S12) is of -14.21dB and return loss (S11) of -1.77dB has been achieved.

View full abstract...

CLUSTERING BASED ENHANCED ENERGY EFFICIENT DMM-MAC FOR BURSTY TRAFFIC IN UNDERWATER SENSOR NETWORK

CLUSTERING BASED ENHANCED ENERGY EFFICIENT DMM-MAC FOR BURSTY TRAFFIC IN UNDERWATER SENSOR NETWORK

P.Swapna 1, S. Sneha 2

1,2 Assitant professor, Dept of IT, M.Kumarasamy College of Engineering, Karur, Tamil Nadu, India.

A wireless sensor network (WSN) has the sensor nodes with gathered data packets from the environment and communicate with each other using wireless transceivers. It gathers the data using sensor nodes and conveys the information to the sink node. The critical issue in Under Water Sensor Networks (UWSN) is energy consumption. By decreasing the transmission collision and idle listening, the energy can be well-maintained. Multiple Rendezvous Multichannel MAC (MM-MAC) and Dynamic Duty Cycled Multiple Rendezvous Multichannel MAC (DMM- MAC) are used to transfer the data packet even in bursty traffic in UWSN. The concept of dynamic duty cycling is playing the vital role in achieving good results. In this paper, both intra and inter communication is established.  Here, the cluster Head based data communication is taken where, they deal with the energy. These Cluster head is dynamically changed based on their energy level. Finally, the results of DMM-MAC with and without clustering are compared. From the simulation results it is well understand that DMM with clustering mechanism provides the improvement in the parameters like reduce in delay, improved rate in throughput and packet delivery and overhead for packet transmission is also greatly.

View full abstract...

AUTOMATIC DETECTION AND TRACKING OF PEOPLE IN VIDEO SURVEILLANCE

AUTOMATIC DETECTION AND TRACKING OF PEOPLE IN VIDEO SURVEILLANCE

Guru Selvi.D 1, Vijay Anandh.T 2

1 PG Student, Department of ECE, National Engineering College, Kovilpatti, Tamil Nadu, .India.

2 Assistant Professor, Dept of ECE, National Engineering College, Kovilpatti, Tamil Nadu, .India.

Object detection and tracking are necessary in many computer vision applications such as surveillance, vehicle navigation, and autonomous robot navigation. In this paper video segmentation technique that accurately segments the moving objects using Gaussian Mixture model is introduced. In a video footage, the moving human beings are segmented with the help of GMM, then detected silhouettes can be segmented into head, torso, and leg parts of a human in order to reduce confusion that may occur between different individuals in case of global descriptors. This work proposes the spatial segmentation method for head, torso and leg segmentation. As a novel implementation, this work also genesis a 2D-trajectory plotting for analyzing the detected human’s movement over a time period. This is possible to calculate and plot trajectories by calculating the centroid of the silhouettes. This proposed work can coordinate the multiple human detection and able to plot their individual trajectory over a horizon.

View full abstract...

BIG DATA TRAFFIC ANALYSIS OF CELLULAR NETWORK USING HADOOP

BIG DATA TRAFFIC ANALYSIS OF CELLULAR NETWORK USING HADOOP

S.Sneha1, G.Mohana Prabha2

1 Assistant Professor, Dept of IT, M.Kumarasamy College of Engineering, Karur, Tamil Nadu, India.

2 Assistant Professor,Dept of IT, M.Kumarasamy College of Engineering, Karur, Tamil Nadu, India.

Monitoring and analysis network traffic is significant for optimizing network resource and improving user experience. However, existing solutions, which rely on a high-performance server faces challenges in handling massive and heterogeneous data sets from various source of network application. In addition to that existing tools is scalable only for single workstation mode which is not capable for processing big data. The solutions for distributed computing and storage for big data processing is Hadoop, an open source computing platform.ThusHadoop based system is deployed in cellular network and the evaluated analysis result shows it can process 4 terabytes of data from high performance server at low cost.

View full abstract...

AN IMPROVEMENT IN COVERAGE BY SENSORS WITH ADJUSTABLE SENSING RANGES USING DISTRIBUTED GREEDY VERTEX BASED ALGORITHM

AN IMPROVEMENT IN COVERAGE BY SENSORS WITH ADJUSTABLE SENSING RANGES USING DISTRIBUTED GREEDY VERTEX BASED ALGORITHM

Anitha.G 1, Subramanian.K 2

1 PG student, Department of ECE, National Engineering College, Kovilpatti, Tamil Nadu, India.

2 Assistant Professor (SG), Department of ECE, National Engineering College, Kovilpatti, Tamil Nadu, .India.

A fundamental challenge in designing wireless sensor network is to enhance the network lifetime by changing the direction of the sensor. The connectivity and coverage constraints are problems in maximizing network lifetime in Wireless Sensor Networks. The effective sensing range of sensors is characterized by directionality and sensing angle. In proposed work, the range has been adjusted in order to reduce the overlapped coverage. The sensor field is divided into voronoi cells by calculation of sensor. The direction of the sensor is based on the largest vertex distance. Thus the sensor covers more area. The sensor calculates its respective intra-cell coverage sizes of aligning direction with each vertex and selects the vertex having the maximum coverage as its preliminary working direction. This improves the overall intercell coverage ratio in the sensor network environment. Then the range has been adjusted in order to reduce the overlapped coverage. The parameter such as distance of the largest vertex and the maximum area coverage of voronoi cell has been analyzed with the help of matlab and the simulation performance of method was compared. It shows that there is improvement in the adjustable range coverage of the proposed method.

View full abstract...